Types of Dark Spots
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH): Dark marks left after acne heals — most common in Pakistani skin. Melasma: Brown patches from sun and hormones, common in women. Sun spots: From cumulative UV exposure.
Most Effective Brightening Ingredients
Alpha Arbutin: Inhibits tyrosinase safely. The Ordinary Alpha Arbutin 2% + HA. Niacinamide: Prevents melanin transfer — use daily at 5-10%. Vitamin C: Inhibits melanin production — use morning under SPF. Azelaic Acid: Treats both acne and hyperpigmentation.
The Non-Negotiable: SPF
No brightening treatment works without daily SPF. UV exposure directly stimulates melanin production, counteracting every treatment ingredient. Apply SPF 50+ every morning.
Realistic Timeline
PIH from acne: 4-12 weeks. Melasma: 3-6 months. Sun spots: 3-6 months. Results are gradual — do not switch products before giving them 8 weeks.
